Spread the cherry pie filling evenly in the bottom of an 8×8 baking dish.
In a mixing bowl, stir together the melted butter, sugar, vanilla, flour, and baking powder just until combined. Do not over-mix. Spoon the batter over the cherries, spreading gently.
Bake for 35–40 minutes, until the top is golden and set. Let cool for about 15 minutes before serving.